How Mediation Can Improve Our Awareness - 2182 Words

All We Have is the Here and Now As you read this, are you truly aware of yourself reading? We read the words typed here and there is a voice in our mind that seems to form the words there as if they exist not only on this paper, but in our head as well. But how often is it that we truly think of this voice, and then to take it a step farther, how often are we aware of ourselves hearing that voice? If we believe we are the person that is speaking, who is it that is listening? These are the questions that possess the capability to unlock our potential as conscious beings. So often we go through our days completely unaware of our own selves. Unaware of our intense connection with the world around us, and everyone we meet. It is in the practice of becoming aware of our own selves, thoughts, feelings, and life force itself that we can become happier people. Mediation is the tool we can use to improve our awareness and thus make our lives more meaningful. It has many different benefits that have been explored beyond phi losophical discussion, and many scientists have provided tests and research that shows meditation is able to benefit our brains in numerous ways. To clarify what I mean I will define meditation. It is the process of turning your attention to a single point of reference; it involves focusing on the present moment. (Moore et al 2009) Despite there being countless forms of meditation, it falls into the following general categories: practice of mindfulness,Show MoreRelatedAwareness, Pain And Growth, And Success And Failure1510 Words   |  7 Pagesand growth, and success and failure. I enrolled in this class in the hope that mindfulness and awareness would help me navigate the tough times that I will face throughout my life. It was the hope that literature, practices, and great teachers would help me better develop a stronger sense of awareness in my mind. I am happy to report that there has been positive growth in my own life regarding awareness and behavior tendencies. Despite the positive growth that I have experienced this semester, manyRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On Public Health Policy Essay1747 Words   |  7 PagesV iolence compromises physical health and threatens the safety of our communities (Public health policy paper). In our nation violence continues to cause premature death, disability and injury yet there are insufficient efforts to prevent it (Public health policy paper). Currently, our interventions to prevent violence occur after a violent crime has occurred. The focus is to incarcerate individuals who have committed a violent crime (public health policy paper). We are failing to fix the infrastructureRead MoreMediation Between Mediation And Mediation Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pages Mediation refers to a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in which the parties in a dispute meet with a neutral third-party in an effort to settle a case or reach an agreement over a dispute. The parties must recognize that the mediator is neutral and not on either parties side. The mediator attempts to help each party understand the other parties claim or concern and come to mutual agreement amongst themselves. The mediator is not the ultimate decision maker; it is the parties thatRead MoreCrime Prevention Strategies in the US1367 Words   |  6 PagesWelcome to the United States, where we have a larger number of detainees than teachers, and that must say a great deal in regards to our framework. Wrongdoing is an issue that has influenced the United States and different parts of the world since the start of time. For the United States, the equity framework utilizes discipline as a technique to diminishing wrongdoing the nation over, however would it say it is truly meeting expectations? Some might say that discipline is the best manifestationRead MoreCriticism Of Media Convergence1031 Words   |  5 Pagespermissible through digital and online communication has effected cultural change. Individuals can communicate from any part of the world, irrespective of physical and geographic barriers via an interactive digital media environment across networked ICT Devices. Thu s he suggests that new media is synonymous with digital media and therein digitisation – the translation of information into binary code, which can then be transmitted electronically – is characteristic of new mediums. Flew (2005) argues thatRead MoreWhat Is Cognitive Health?975 Words   |  4 Pagestreats and tasty comfort foods. This and many other unhealthy habits can lead to depression, anxiety and a reduced sense of self-worth. What most people do not realize is that the temptations can be lessened by having a better understanding of their brain health and its power. â€Å"Everything you are and everything you do is controlled by your brain† (Sharpbrains, 2014). Luckily, there is still hope for all of us to improve and repair our brains. Having a â€Å"Brain Healthy Lifestyle† (Bend, 2014) is madeRead MoreImprisonment And Its Effect On Society2527 Words   |  11 Pagesrecidivism rates increasing as time goes on, this has caused the overcrowding in our prison systems, which makes it even more costly. We explore imprisonment and its utility as a means of crime reduction by introducing restorative justice to enhance its effect. In restorative justice, the response to crime involves victims, offenders, and communities, as well as criminal justice professionals. Together, these parties can engage in conversations that facilitate a mutually agreeable resolution to repairRead MoreThe Fundamental Goal Of Buddhism1543 Words   |  7 Pagesand how it can be overcome. In Buddhist doctrine, the key to overcoming suffering is to follow the Noble Eightfold Path. The first step of the Eightfold Path is to see the world in the right way.1 Seeing the world in the right view is the key to understanding and relieving suffering. The fundamental goal of Buddhism is to follow the Eightfold path to reach a state of nirvana, or peace of mind. The state of nirvana is the symbol of a healthy mind. To begin, it is important to understand how BuddhismRead MoreThe Effects Of Mindfulness On The Mind On Present Experience2253 Words   |  10 Pagesa way to cultivate well-being in our minds, in our bodies, and even in our relationships with each other (Kornfield, 2008). Researchers has taken note of these suggestions and a number of investigators have focused their objective lens on this form of subjective, inner focus of the mind on present experience. Evidence from these studies supports the notion that being mindful, being aware of the present moment without grasping on to judgments, does indeed improve immune function, enhance a sense ofRead MoreOutline Of An Educational Module Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesThis report is plan to outline an educational module where an association talk about the comprehension of how to advance a superior administration quality. This is the individual report which is in view of the thoughts of how to advance a superior administration quality to the staff. This social insurance association has history of over 40 years giving solid environment to the clients. We have 10 movement chiefs working in diverse ranges, 18 human services experts, and 15 enlisted attendants. Association

Is New Technology Development A Blessing Or A Burden

John Wang Mr. Berls English 3 16 March 2015 Is New Technology Development a Blessing or a Burden? New technology is developing around us every day. This new technology includes the computer, laptop, tablet, smartphone, internet, robotics, artificial heart, prostheses, hybrid automobile, express trains and the like. Evidence of this new technology includes family entertainment systems, communication applications, learning applications used in school, banking tools, investment resources, and industrial competition, including group problem-solving. Our new technology is very omnipresent. These developments have proven important and necessary in our lives. Some people think that this new technology development is good; as it can benefit many people by making their lives easier and better. However, other people think this new technology is bad, because it has proven to be a burden, rather than a benefit, for those who choose to use it. Indeed, research shows that new technology has become so powerful, that we have come to strongly depend on it throughout our daily lives. Integrating technology into the curriculum and the classroom, for the purpose of instruction is essential, in order to help prepare students to succeed in our rapidly changing world. It is critical for learners, including teachers and administrators, to process and manage information through the skillful use of technology. Every student needs the ability to navigate through the information flow thatShow MoreRelatedThe Burden And Blessing Of Mortality1327 Words   |  6 Pageswrites in The Burden and Blessing of Mortality about the universal advantage of human mortality and the perceived burdens of it as well. Like Jonas, I will argue that mortality is a beneficial concept in the realm of external issues like preserving our earth’s resources, and internal issues like existential meaning and motivation. Diametrical opposition to this idea from a logical standpoint is quite limited. Of the people who find it necessary to invent and practice technologies that help usRead MoreSchool Management Issues1507 Words   |  7 Pagesproficiency in the field we are in. The better skilled we are, the higher the rank. Technology is undeniably a part of the organization. It is important and a necessity for most organizations nowadays. The lack of know-how in technological proficiency is one of the crucial issues in the system organization. Older teachers in schools lack in technological skills. They are afraid of using technology and relying on their manual capability instead. Some of the teachers don’t even know how toRead MoreWhat Does Economist Say About Export Oriented Economy? Essay901 Words   |  4 Pagesmajor reason for reduced demand 2012 – 2.29% - European demand further affects country’s GDP growth 2013 – 2.90% - Interest rate cut of 0.25% encouraged in domestic demand takes off a little burden from export 2014 – 3.31% - Further cut of 0.25% according to economist Chang Jae Chul (http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-06-11/bank-of-korea-cuts-interest-rate-to-record-low-as-mers-spreads) would ease negative impact from outbreak of MERS and prevent consumer sentiment and production from freezingRead MoreArranged Marriage vs Love Marriage1619 Words   |  7 PagesFurthermore, I am experiencing the same way in my marriage. I was born in a family that prioritize the religion in life. So, I believed by obeying my religion and my parents option, my life after marriage will get blessing and happiness regards. Nowadays, with the social dynamic changes in technology and globalization, this may not be the best options for some people. Well, as we can see, by internet specifically in social website like Facebook, there are offering a large number in provides them to lookRead MoreAnalysis Of Riba ( Interest ) As A Cause Of Imbalance Society And Its Islamic Perspective Essay1363 Words   |  6 PagesRiba (Interest) as a cause of Imbalance Society and its Islamic Perspective Dr. Irfan Khalid Assistant Professor Department of Islamic Studies Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology Islamabad, Pakistan irfan.khalid33@yahoo.com Abstract: The prosperity and peace of a society much or less depends on its economy. While for the smooth running of both, there are several instructions in Islamic Shariah and allows what is right and forbids what is wrong. When we talk about financialRead MoreDiscrimination of Girls1678 Words   |  7 Pagesthe caste, creed, religion and social status, the overall status of a women is lower than men and therefore a male child is preferred over a female child. A male child is considered a blessing and his birth is celebrated as opposed to a female child where her birth is not celebrated and is considered more of a burden.[1] Therefore, [education] and health care of the female child in India is an important social indicator to measure equality between men and women. According to the 2001 Indian censusRead MoreThe Internet is a Blessing1523 Words   |  6 Pageswas one of the world’s first operational packet switching networks, the first network to implement TCP/IP and the progenitor of what was to become the global Internet (Kleinrock). The ARPANET served as the new era for many individuals as there was no longer a need to travel with the heavy burden of textbooks. Also, because the Internet is accessible to anyone, it is inexpensive and can be afforded by most. Not only is it used to research information and ideas, but it has also been proven to be a moreRead MoreThe Future of Books in Todays Society Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagesother digital forms. The term E-book is a reduction of ‘Electronic Book’; it refers to a book length publication in a digital form that can be available through Internet also. This innovation is causing many to debate whether E-books are a burden or a blessing on society. The movement from the oral tradition to the printed words was one of the biggest advancements of all times, the question remains if the movement from printed words to E-books is as revolutionary. Books have been the storehousesRead MoreThe Grand Challenge Of Engineering On Nitrogen Cycle Essay2835 Words   |  12 Pagesethical. As stated in the code of ethics for engineering practice, it is of paramount importance to consider the environment, as well as public safety, health, and welfare when performing professional duties [1]. Since the pioneering advancement in technology entailed environmental crisis and affected public health, it cannot therefore be entirely considered ethical and is in need of a more profound understanding and creativity to address such issues. One of the many grand challenges of engineeringRead MoreWhy Some Country Rich but Others Poor2449 Words   |  10 Pagesbodies. Heat itself saps energy. Cold, is conducive to greater human productivity and therefore prosperity. However, the climate effect on the wealth of nations may be diminishing as the knowledge economy becomes more important, and as medical technology eradicates diseases. Singapore, with a hot, tropical climate, today has a higher per capita income than Britain. War and corruption cause poverty, as governments redirect resources from health care and education towards the war machine, or to

The impact of cross-cultural differences on business free essay sample

Today we are going to look at how they impact the organization within a business. Many readers may not quite be here yet. But I thought this would be interesting to look at. Are There Differences? What makes an international business different? Does an international business function differently from one that is not international? Are there international growing pains? Apart from the legalities of operating an international company, it is hard to identify any tangible differences. In my personal experience, the differences are nuanced. They center around collective â€Å"soft† skills. This obviously stems from the nature of â€Å"international skills† and â€Å"cross-cultural skills†. Cultural Influences There are some obvious ways culture influences an international business: The way how we present ourselves How we express opinions Assumptions based on the environment and context Perceptions of voice, and other personal physical details When you work inside an international company, you learn to adapt to these cultural differences. We will write a custom essay sample on The impact of cross-cultural differences on business or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They stop interfering with communication. Cultural Conflict Within A Company Some people may think that conflict within an international company is a result of the confrontation between cultures. Although cultural personality issues and misunderstandings do happen, it is difficult to identify how culture influences teamwork within a company. Most people learn to adapt to the different cultures and this enhances personal growth, interpersonal relations and intercultural interactions. And this is where there may be differences in an international company and a company that is not international. Most of the employees in an international company will be at a comparable level of personal growth. They will have similar interpersonal and intercultural skills. And in a company that is not international, there could be wider differences in these areas. Better Practices Beyond soft skills†¦ What I have noticed from working with international companies, is that they seem to strive harder to implement standard and industry best practices. Best practices seem to lessen the clash of cultures within a company. These best practices are more widely accepted. They can also help to create a collective identity. Best practices can also lessen the clash of cultures outside the company when dealing with international clients. It does not matter where your clients are from, they also appreciate dealing with people that follow standard best practices. In the end it all comes down to working with good communication and within good business practices. Here’s more on Culture In International Business. What do you think? Please share your thoughts and comments below.

What Do You Find Interesting About The Work Of Grace Nichols Essay Example

What Do You Find Interesting About The Work Of Grace Nichols Paper Grace Nichols was born in Guyana in 1950. She lived there until 1977 when she came to live with her partner, another poet. She writes many poems and anthologies. Her poems are mainly about black people and their sense of culture. She writes about the pride they have to be themselves and not to feel embarrassed about who they are. She has also written poetry about missing her home and about what it feels like to be away. I have chosen to study four poems by Grace Nichols: these are, Beauty, The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping, Like A Beacon and Island Man. These four poems all explore different aspects of cultural diversity. Beauty is about Nichols own views of beauty and not listening to the stereotypical ideas that are impounded into everybodys minds. Nichols doesnt mean beauty in the sense of having a perfect figure and features but beauty in the form of being proud of herself and content with whom she is. This poem is primarily about a fat black woman. Another of these poems is about a fat black woman. The title of this is The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping. Though this poem shows that she is proud of who she is, it also shows a little touch of insecurity within herself. We will write a custom essay sample on What Do You Find Interesting About The Work Of Grace Nichols specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on What Do You Find Interesting About The Work Of Grace Nichols specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on What Do You Find Interesting About The Work Of Grace Nichols specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I can tell this through the lines and de pretty face sales gals exchanging slimming glances These lines show that she feels anger towards the girls for having the stereotypical traits of beauty that she was so against in the last poem. It shows how she wants society to change and become less bothered about size. The other two poems are about being away and missing home. Like A Beacon is about Grace Nichols missing her home and the comforts that she used to have there. This poem shows that home is an important aspect of her life. She also seems to take it as an important part of other peoples lives too as the last poem Island Man is about a man from the Caribbean who lives in London: he misses his home and dreams about being there. Even though Nichols has written this poem about others, her sub heading is for a Caribbean island man in London who still wakes up to the sound of the sea. From the sub heading, it could be imagined that she wrote this thinking about herself as well as others. By writing that sub heading, it sounds as if she relates to the island man who features in her poem. It seems as if she wrote the heading to show her readers in that position that she empathises with them. Titles of poems can sometimes say a lot about a poem. Beauty is a short simple title. If the reader had only got as far as the title, it could be presumed that it would be similar in content to the stereotypical views of beauty or about the scenery. When the poem is read fully, it is actually about a fat black woman. It would surprise the reader because the first thought in a persons head is not one of beauty. The poem The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping, has a long but precise title. It tells you exactly what the poem is about. It is very direct and it hides nothing. To say, in the title of a poem The Fat Black Woman shows that Nichols is not ashamed to say, or to be who she is. One could presume that the poem is autobiographical because it changes from third-person text; to first-person text for the line Lord is aggravating. This indicates that she knows personally how this situation feels. For her to describe herself as a fat black woman in a poem, which is likely to be read by many people, takes a strong-minded person who isnt afraid to emphasise the fact that she is who she is. Like A Beacon is not a title which appears to give anything away. The word beacon can be associated with belisha beacons by a zebra crossing but this poem is not about these. In this poem, beacon is meant as a strong, important light. Nichols is implying that her home is the warmth and strength that she loves and is an important part of her life. Shes basically trying to say that her home is the light of her life. Island Man has a short title. It tells the reader very little (that it is about a man from an island) but the sub heading tells the reader a lot more. For an island man who lives in London and still wakes up to the sound of the sea. It explains what the poem is about and what it is trying to say, but it is very long. It is an appropriate sub heading but is too long to be a title. Island Man says what it needs to and the sub heading adds to it perfectly In most of these poems, she uses third person narrative but in one she uses first person and in another she switches between the two. In her poem Beauty, Nichols uses third person narrative. This is an effective form to use because it makes the poem general and open to all fat black women, not just Nichols herself. If it were in first person narrative, the poem may not seem beautiful it would seem quite conceited on Nichols part. In third person, the poem is left completely to the imagination of the reader. I. e. what the fat black woman looks like and how she feels when she is walking the fields or riding the waves. In first person, the reader perhaps knows what she looks like and since she is so bold to say she is beauty, the reader can get an idea what she is feeling too. The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping also uses third person narrative throughout the poem except for one line where it moves to first person. Her use of both techniques is very effective and changes the mood of the poem largely. Though Nichols mainly uses third person it seems obvious that she is writing about her own experiences as she shifts to first person, which suggests that she agrees and somehow sympathises with the character in the poem. Like A Beacon is the only poem in which she uses first person narrative throughout. It is effective as it gives the reader the feeling of understanding her character and her inner thoughts a lot better. The poem talks about how Nichols feels and what she misses from home such as the food that her mother used to cook. If Nichols wrote the poem in third person narrative, it would not have such an impact because it would feel as if she was presuming that this was how people felt and it would not be as effective. Because this poem is about Nichols herself, it leaves the reader thinking or imagining how they would feel if they left home and what they would miss. Island Man also uses third person narrative. This is effective in this poem as it makes the poem seem as if it is a dream. It distances the reader from the person in the poem and makes the whole situation seem further away. If it had been written in first person, it would have made the reader feel closer to the person in the poem and so it would have made it feel less like a dream and more like life. Third person narrative gives you the feeling of distance, which makes the poem more enjoyable to read. Nichols uses many techniques to create the moods that she feels are appropriate for her poems. In her poem Beauty, Nichols wants to create the image of warm, calm settings. This is effective because the poem is based on beauty and warm, calm things are thought of as beautiful. The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping wants to create an angry and miserable mood. Nichols does this by using hard alliteration and pathetic fallacy. She uses winter to create cold images and hard alliteration to create the presence of anger and annoyance. This is effective in the poem because she is aggravated at the fact that the shop is prejudiced against women with clothes sizes over 14, as they dont have any. The poem Like A Beacon is trying to set the mood of the beacon being warmth and the light of her home, the Caribbean, and where she actually is, London, the cold place and not somewhere she would like to be. She talks about the things that she misses about home: in search of plantains Saltfish/sweet potatoes. The alliteration of the s makes those two lines sound very calm and positive. Island Man is trying to create two images: One of a beautiful, tropical place and the other of a dull, grey, cold place. Nichols tries to accomplish this mood using different styles of writing. For example: to make London sound dull, Nichols uses words such as groggily which is related to waking up and still being really tired and miserable. To make the Caribbean sound tropical, Nichols uses words like emerald which is related with beautiful jewellery so it make the island sound calm and a place on a similar level with Heaven. A main theme used in Nichols poetry is Cultural Identity. Nichols is not ashamed of who she is or what her background she has. She makes it very clear that her past is very important to her through her poetry. In her poem Beauty, Nichols states that Beauty is a fat black woman. This contrasts with the western ideal of female beauty i. e. white, thin, tall, and blonde. Nichols directly challenges these stereotypes and strongly asserts black female cultural identity. It is essentially a celebration of the beauty seen in a large, black, curvaceous woman. The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping is very similar to Beauty as it is also about a fat black woman. This poem also adds the fact of prejudice towards fat black women. This shows the divide between cultures. The poem Like A Beacon, uses a different form of cultural identity. It shows the difference between London and the Caribbean through the way Nichols describes what she misses about her home. She talks about the food that she used to eat (plantains, salt fish, sweet potatoes) which are not things that the English (white) culture is used to. Nichols poem Island Man is similar to the cultural identity in her poem Like A Beacon. It also talks about the differences between London and the Caribbean. This poem talks about the beauty and warmth of the Caribbean islands and the beaches there. It also talks about the cold and grey areas of London. It shows that the cultural identity of the island man is the opposite of a person who is from London. Nichols language techniques vary in her poetry depending on what she feels she should use to emphasise points or moods. She uses personification in both her poems Beauty and The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping. In Beauty, she says while the sea turns back to hug her shape. Nichols uses a soft mood to make the woman seem even more beautiful. She does this by saying; that even the sea wants to hug her-though the sea has no feelings. In the poem The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping, Nichols uses it to achieve almost the opposite affect of which it had in Beauty. She uses the lines frozen thin mannequins fixing her with grin to emphasise the fact that the woman in this poem is quite paranoid, being in this shop. She presumes that even the plastic mannequins are laughing at her, though of course, that is not possible. This shows her insecurity about her size, particularly the views of others about it. Nichols uses alliteration in three of the four poems. In The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping, Nichols uses hard alliteration to create a flowing image (bright, billowing, breezy. ). In the poem Like A Beacon, Nichols uses this language technique when describing the food that her mother used to cook. The s in saltfish/sweet potatoes lingers as it is read and it gives the reader the sense of the lingering smells of these foods as they were being cooked and afterwards too. Island Man also uses alliteration. Here, s is also used (sun surfacing) but she uses it to be sharp and snappy as the next word is defiantly and sharp and snappy words or letters seem quite defiant. In some of her poems, Grace Nichols uses particular words to create a mood or image. In Island Man she uses hard words-such as groggily, metallic, surge and crumpled-to create a dull and gloomy image of London. She also uses soft words-for example surf, wombing and emerald-to create a bright, happy image of the Caribbean. In her poem Beauty, she uses many soft word-such as hug, cheek, breezed and drifting-to create the warm beautiful image of the woman in it. Grace Nichols uses many techniques to emphasise points and to make lines stand out. In the poem Beauty, she uses repetition. She repeats the lines Beauty s a fat black woman to emphasise what the poem is about. She uses the structure of the poem to emphasise the same point as she leaves Beauty on its own to show that it is important. In The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping, Nichols uses rhyme, repetition and the structure to make lines stand out. Most of this poem is written in verses but to show how the character in the poem feels, she leaves the line Lord is aggravating on its own. Though that is only one line, i t seems to stand out and the reader reads that first. It makes you think a great deal about the feelings of the subject. Nichols also uses rhyme at the end of this poem. It is the only time that she does this and it is very effective: that when it comes to fashion the choice is lean nothing much beyond a size 14. It really stands out and makes the irritation of the subject much greater. If rhyme had been used throughout the poem, it would not have been so effective. Nichols use of repetition in this poem works very well. The poem is all about a long unproductive day and repetition exaggerates that. She repeats the word journeying twice and it gives a real sense of boredom and tiredness. In her poem Like A Beacon, Nichols also uses the structure to emphasise a main point. She wants to make it clear about how she feels. She has written I Need This Link on its own, in between the two verses. The poem flows very well until it gets to that line. Nichols separates it and this makes the reader stop and think about what the poet is trying to say. Island Man uses repetition. Nichols uses it to exaggerate the first word and to make the mood of the poem clearer. It works well and it accentuates the dull image that Nichols is trying to paint of London e. g. groggily groggily. These four poems by Grace Nichols are poems that I have found very interesting. They all use ideas about cultural identity and racial difference and this makes the poems very engrossing. Though I have never been in the situation of missing home (Like A Beacon and Island Man) or having to deal with prejudice against my size (The Fat Black Woman Goes Shopping), I feel, through reading the poetry that I understand and sympathise greatly with people who have to deal with these things. The poems have given me a greater understanding of the culture of Grace Nichols and I have thoroughly enjoyed reading and working on them.

How to Conjugate the Spanish Verb Oír

How to Conjugate the Spanish Verb Oà ­r Oà ­r is a common Spanish verb that typically means to hear. It is highly irregular, in part because of its use of an accent in its ending. The only other verbs that are conjugated in the same way as oà ­r are those few verbs based on oà ­r, namely desoà ­r (to ignore), entreoà ­r (to half-hear or hear indistinctly) and trasoà ­r (to mishear). Irregular forms are shown below in boldface. Translations are given as a guide and in real life may vary with context. Infinitive of Oà ­r oà ­r (to hear) Gerund of Oà ­r oyendo (hearing) Participle of Oà ­r oà ­do (heard) Present Indicative of Oà ­r yo oigo, tà º oyes, usted/à ©l/ella oye, nosotros/as oà ­mos, vosotros/as oà ­s, ustedes/ellos/ellas oyen (I hear, you hear, he hears, etc.) Preterite of Oà ­r yo oà ­, tà º oà ­ste, usted/à ©l/ella oyà ³, nosotros/as oà ­mos, vosotros/as oà ­steis, ustedes/ellos/ellas oyeron (I heard, you hears, she hears, etc.) Imperfect Indicative of Oà ­r yo oà ­a, tà º oà ­as, usted/à ©l/ella oà ­a, nosotros/as oà ­amos, vosotros/as oà ­ais, ustedes/ellos/ellas oà ­an (I used to hear, you used to hear, he used to hear, etc.) Future Indicative of Oà ­r yo oirà ©, tà º oirs, usted/à ©l/ella oir, nosotros/as oiremos, vosotros/as oirà ©is, ustedes/ellos/ellas oirn (I will hear, you will hear, he will hear, etc.) Conditional of Oà ­r yo oirà ­a, tà º oirà ­as, usted/à ©l/ella oirà ­a, nosotros/as oirà ­amos, vosotros/as oirà ­ais, ustedes/ellos/ellas oirà ­an (I would hear, you would hear, she would hear, etc.) Present Subjunctive of Oà ­r que yo oiga, que tà º oigas, que usted/à ©l/ella oiga, que nosotros/as oigamos, que vosotros/as oigis, que ustedes/ellos/ellas oigan (that I hear, that you hear, that she hear, etc.) Imperfect Subjunctive of Oà ­r que yo oyera (oyese), que tà º oyeras (oyeses), que usted/à ©l/ella oyera (oyese), que nosotros/as oyà ©ramos (oyà ©semos), que vosotros/as oyerais (oyeseis), que ustedes/ellos/ellas oyeran (oyesen) (that I hears, that you hears, that he hears, etc.) Imperative of Oà ­r oye tà º, no oigas tà º, oiga usted, oigamos nosotros/as, oà ­d vosotros/as, no oigis vosotros/as, oigan ustedes (hear, dont hear, hear, lets hear, etc.) Compound Tenses of Oà ­r The perfect tenses are made by using the appropriate form of haber and the past participle, oà ­do. The progressive tenses use estar with the gerund, oyendo. Sample Sentences Showing Conjugation of Oà ­r and Related Verbs Tenemos dos objetivos: erradicar las barreras de la discriminacià ³n que enfrentan los sordos y ofrecer empleo a los que no pueden oà ­r. (We have two goals: to eradicate the discriminatory barriers facing the deaf and to offer work to those who cannot hear. Infinitive.) Todos hemos oà ­do que  «lo que cuenta es lo que est dentro ». (Weve all heard that what counts is whats inside. Present perfect.) Desoyes todo lo que no te interesa. (Youre ignoring everything that doesnt interest you. Present indicative.) Entreoyà ³ una conversacià ³n al otro lado de la puerta. (She half-heard a conversation on the other side of the door. Preterite.) Aquella noche yo oà ­a la lluvia desde la cama y pensaba en ti. (That night I heard the rain from the bed and thought about you. Imperfect.) Es cierto que lo oirà © cada vez que pase por aquà ­. (It is certain that I will hear it every time it passes by here. Future.) Los dispositivos permiten restaurar la audicià ³n en personas que no oirà ­an de otro modo. (The devices provide for the restoration of hearing in people who wouldnt hear any other way. Conditional.)  ¡Desgraciados de los que desoigan mis palabras! (How wretched are those who mishear my words! Present subjunctive.) Yo no querà ­a que oyeras esto. (I didnt want you to hear this. Imperfect subjunctive.)  ¡Oye, oye! (Hear ye, hear ye! Imperative.)

5 Unicorns Of Unique Marketing To Stand Out From Mediocre

5 Unicorns Of Unique Marketing To Stand Out From Mediocre What makes a unicorn, besides the sparkles, rainbows, and solitary horn? Rarity. Something you don’t see too often, if ever. So when it comes to content marketing, what are the unicorns? What’s rare and hard to find? Some users wondered about planning unique marketing with their content calendars. Here is  how you can find your own unicorns. 1. Unique Marketing Has Originality Originality, the king of the unicorns. It’s extremely rare, because most content is derivative, and that’s OK to be honest (more on that in a bit). Original thinking, when it comes to content marketing, is highly perishable. Its expiration date is short, since original ideas are quickly aped by others desperate for ideas who then flood the niche with so much sameness that the original original is quickly lost. You’ve seen this at work, where a unique idea appears, and within a month, everyone is laying some kind of claim to it. Our own best practices hamper it, since linking to and reaching out to influencers is a significantly successful way to grow your own following. Finding something fresh and new, as you scroll through content marketing blog posts, is rare. Something fresh and new in your niche is surprisingly rare. Find originality to be unique.All of this is not to say that originality is the most important qualification for content. Like I said, using the ideas of someone else to create your own has serious value (read here). Most of us, myself included, build on an idea of someone else. This is nearly always good and how creativity functions. But prizing originality carries over into great work ethic when you’re making that derivative work. It means you care enough to build on an idea, not merely repackage it. Too often, because we’re always pushing ourselves to find content ideas, it’s tempting to collect, reword, repackage, and barely rework someone else’s idea. You can be original even if you’re building on other’s ideas. The key is to build, not borrow. You can be original even if you’re building on other’s ideas. The key is to build, not borrow.2. Unique Marketing Backs  Up Its Promises Too many content marketers make promises. Empty ones. We all tip toward this trap, often because we’re trying to find that perfect headline that will make content stand out in a crowded field. â€Å"How To Get 50,000 Twitter Followers In A Week† â€Å"I Made $100,000 In One Month. You Can, Too.† Truthful headlines are much less interesting, even if they truthfully reflect the content of the post or the likely outcome of the average reader who might not be able to recreate a specific quality of your success (e.g. an influencer mentioning you online to her huge following) that played a big role. â€Å"Get 50 Twitter Followers In A Week† â€Å"I Made $2,000 In One Month. You Can Too.† Many of your readers probably forgive you for the outlandish promises you make in your headlines, because they are familiar with those kinds of headlines. In some way, we’ve adapted as readers and the big promises are automatically downgraded in our heads. We don’t really expect to get 50,000 Twitter followers in one week, though we do expect a blog post that will give us information on how to get a lot of Twitter followers quickly. Not all readers are so forgiving, though. Their frustration sometimes pops up in comments as they demand to know more specifics to make it happen for them. I get fairly excited about a post that promises to deliver something realistic, and then actually comes up with the practical and specific steps to do so. Promise to  deliver something realistic, then make sure the content  follows through.We have to be careful as content marketers to not eagerly spin our happenstance successes as if they were methodical successes, and be more upfront about our methodical (and less sexy) successes. If it took your solo blog a year to pull in 4,000 Twitter followers, there is still something your readers can learn from that. This plays into the next unicorn, that of being authentic. Avoid promising what you can’t deliver just to get initial attention. Avoid promising what you can’t deliver just to get initial attention. #uniquemarketing3. Authenticity It’s a hard row to hoe, claiming to be authentic but also knowing you need to project success if you’re going to get followers to buy what you’re selling. I had a viral blog post  on my personal blog once. There were some things I learned from it that I shared with my readers, including what it feels like, what I traced the phenomenon back to, and how I managed it. I attempted to dissect the blog post  find the qualities that may have contributed to that virality. But I have to be honest (and I did admit this to my blog readers): I’d been blogging for eleven years  before I finally had my taste of a bona fide viral blog post. It was so tempting to write as an authority on viral blog posts, as if I was swinging home runs regularly, but that would have been inauthentic. Being an authentic success means having a fair amount of failures. Share it all.I’ve since seen other posts reach varying levels of viral success, but I want to be careful to not use that as my spin, selling my content as if I can make that happen for my readers every time. Authenticity, that word you hear ad nauseum in content marketing, withers under the hot glare of branding. We want our brand to be authentic, but we also want it to exude success, so we look for ways to celebrate our high points and spin the low ones as mere teachable moments. You can still show your success while authentically sharing your failures without being patronizing. So no. I can’t tell you how to write a viral blog post, but I can tell you about the qualities that have surrounded them. For reals. And there’s value in that. Being an authentic success means having a fair amount of failures. Share it all. 4. Valuable Unmeasurables Content marketers love- love love love- data. Numbers. Things that can be measured. Because wise decisions can be made with those kinds of things. You can’t make an informed decision if you don’t have any data to back it up. Usually. Data is part of the toolbox. It’s not the toolbox. I can be a bit of a curmudgeon when it comes to data, if only in an attempt to put some rudder into the non-numerical side of the ship to avoid creating a self-fulfilling whirlpool. And also because, for me, numbers don’t trigger ideas as well as other input. Here’s a dirty secret (and it’s not really a secret, since I’ve admitted to it before): I’m not a big numbers person. Sometimes, when I look at a post filled with bar graphs and scatter plots that work to visualize the data someone carefully harvested and interpreted, I get taken up with the colors and patterns in the actual graph and can’t even see the data behind it. Really. Data is part of the toolbox. It’s not the toolbox. #uniquemarketingI look at the measuring cup and get distracted by the color of it instead of the ingredient inside. There are valuable unmeasurables, those things of worth that won’t show up in any analytics you might collect. While you might not want to go on a gut feeling for your next big business decision, you should not ignore it, always. Too often, we get trapped in the problem of the false dilemma, that idea that there are only two options: all for, or all against. There are more than two options. It’s not either/or, but either/and. Data and  a gut feeling. In my mind, the list of what ignoring the data-driven approach to content marketing might look like is endless, but here are a few examples to get you thinking along these lines: One person.  One person might request a post topic. One person might say a particular post helped. One person might have questions that need further explanation. The value of one in a data-centric world is low; you don’t get a trend off of just one. But in a people-centric world, one is a big deal. So don’t ignore the one person who needs help, wants to know more, or asks a question, even if your larger data say that isn’t a topic that will help your overall traffic. Burnout. Your data may be telling you that writing posts about Topic A all the time is bringing in the goods. But months of exploring and discussing every possible angle to Topic A has left you completely burned out. So write about something you enjoy- Topic B- even if your data can’t back you up with promised success. Otherwise, it’s all work and drudgery. So what if it doesn’t bring in conversions. It’ll give you a breather and you need that. Remember, you’re not bound  by data. You don’t serve it; rather, it should serve you. Make use of data, but not to exclusion. There are things you can’t measure that matter, too. You’re not bound  by data. You don’t serve it; rather, it should serve you. #uniquemarketing5. Real Language One of my older posts on this blog dealt with determining how much editing was too much editing. I wrote it out of a struggle I was facing, trying to find that perfect point where you clean up the copy but you don’t change the voice of the writer. Unless there’s a strict style guide  in place and the content creators aren’t really getting recognized as individual people, their unique voice should be heard and not edited out. This was a battle over pet phrases, word choices, paragraphical rhythm (breaking up paragraphs into smaller ones and making the copy appear and read choppy). But this pursuit of real language is more than an editor’s dilemma. It’s also one of accent. The pursuit of real language is more than an editor’s dilemma. It’s also one of accent.Let’s use regional accents as an example. If you’re from North Dakota or Minnesota, you really appreciate saying all of the sounds in a word. People from other parts of the country laugh at how drawn out the letter â€Å"O† sounds, but I don’t hear it. â€Å"If the letter is in there,† I often say, â€Å"it was meant to be said.† We all pick up the accent of the place we hear the most language, whether the south, the east coast, or the northern plains. In the same way, we pick up the â€Å"accent† of the things we read. Our content marketing starts to sound the same as all the other content marketing in the language used. We might slip into jargon or metaphors and put up unknown barriers to readers. We also lose a sense of uniqueness. #Uniquemarketing uses real language- your accent and your voice.Now, you might say this has benefits. Readers in your niche will understand. And that’s true. But there’s a reason it’s refreshing to read the writing of someone who’s reading books, magazines, and other content outside of that singular realm. They bring a bit of that back into the language pool and freshen up that stagnant water. Readers can pick up on this, and it can make an otherwise typical piece of content into something that seems new or unusual. It’s tempting to copy the sound, words, phrases, and approach of other content marketers and influencers. After all, imitating success is one of the paths of success. But remember that you should create content as you, not as Johnny Big Name. Speak to your niche in the language they know, but maintain your real language.

Develop an ethics program for a company X Essay - 1

Develop an ethics program for a company X - Essay Example Excel Finance offers financial services to clients from all backgrounds in the region of Los Angeles where employees are expected to demonstrate high ethical standards. Firstly, at Excel Finance, it is unacceptable to report for duty late. Obviously, as a financial institution, Excel Finance would like to show that every detail is met. According to the instructions on the entrance, Excel Finance opens its doors exactly at eight o’clock in the morning. Therefore, it means that if employees report late, there are chances of opening the business late. This will create the wrong integrity about the company in the eyes of the highly esteemed clients (Brink, 2011). In addition to observing punctuality, the employees of Excel Finance are expected to communicate with the customers in English language unless where impossible. Politeness while addressing the client is imperative, and any report by client of a staff’s rudeness will be extensively investigated after which disciplinary actions may be taken. Concerning use of company equipment- telephones and other utilities-, every employee is expected to exercise responsibility. Usage of company telephones and another equipment for purposes not related to the business is not allowed, and the staff could be penalized if this is contravened. In regard to handling money from clients, all employees at Excel Finance are expected to issue a document indicating receipt or issuance of the same. No staff is allowed to receive money from customers without a purpose. For cashiers, all money must reflect in the client’s account as soon as they are done with depositing. As for the loan officers, assessment of customer’s business has to be done before approving a loan. Also, ensure that all the spaces that ought to be filled by the client have been filled without exception. All staffs are expected to show respect

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Journal - Assignment Example In contrary to people who choose fate, people who make and live with their own choices are not scared of judgment and criticism. Emily and her family can be considered as an unconventional family, thus, they attract the attention of the people in the community. But the said behavior is their choice. Although Emily’s fate is to be born in a very private and traditional way, it is her own choice to continuously live inside her own world even after the death of his father. The said capability to make choices can also be observed when she decided to follow her feelings and make social connection with another human being from outside her family, Homer Barron. Although Emily’s decisions can be considered weird and out of the ordinary, such as keeping the body of Homer Barron inside her home she he died, she is firm with her actions even to the point of being above the rules of the society. Regardless of the gossips, alienation and the negativity being thrown toward her direction, Emily was now swayed. She is a perfect example of an empowered and independent person who firmly makes and lives with the choices she

Eastern Philosophy Essay Example for Free

Eastern Philosophy Essay Compare and contrast the Hindu doctrine of Atman-Brahman with the Buddhist notion of non-atman. What was the Buddha reacting against? Is Buddhism to be considered a religion or a philosophy? Hindus strongly believe that in an uncreated, eternal, infinite, transcendent, and all-embracing principle, which, comprising in itself being and non-being, is the sole reality, the ultimate cause and foundation, source, and goal of all existence. This sole magnanimous reality is called brahman. As the All, brahman causes the universe and all beings to emanate from its core and morphs itself into the universe, or assumes its guise. Brahman is in every matter in this world and is the â€Å"Self† (atman) of all living beings. Brahman plays crucial roles such as the creator, preserver, or transformer, and â€Å"reabsorber† of all matters. Yet it is Being in per se, without attributes and qualities, hence impersonal, it may also be conceived of as a personal high God, usually as Vishnu or Siva. This fundamental belief in and the essentially religious search for ultimate reality which implies â€Å"The One that is the all† have continued almost unaltered for more than 50 centuries and have been the central focus and core of Indias spiritual life (www. rystalinks. com/hindu). Siddhartha Gautama also called the Buddha, and Vardhamana called Mahavira â€Å"the great teacher of Jainism† . Several heterodox teachers who organized bands of ascetic followers. Every group mandated itself to follow a certain code of conduct. They received generous support from prominent families and merchants. The latter were growing in wealth and influence, and most of them were searching for alternative forms of religious activity that would give them a more significant role than did orthodox Brahmanism or that would be less expensive to support. Which, in a way, was considered an opposition to doctrines and teachings of Brahmanism. It is suffice to say that Buddhism has similarities with Brahmanism yet at odds with one another (www. crystalinks. com/hindu). Buddhism is considered as a religion for Buddhists yet a philosophy for some. It is a set of doctrines and teachings that is usually describe as a religion. Compared to other religions, other Buddhists allege that Buddhism is not a religion per se, which is a contradiction of their faith to their chosen religion. Other sects say that it is a mere philosophy that are bounded by the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, the one who founded Buddhism. Buddhism is called Buddha Dharma and Dhamma as well, which is defined as the â€Å"Teachings of the Awakened One† in Pali and Sanskrit which are ancient Buddhist texts. This was the reaction of the Buddha during his spiritual quest: experimented with extreme asceticism, which at that time was seen as a powerful spiritual practice such as fasting, holding the breath, and exposure of the body to pain e found, however, that these ascetic practices brought no genuine spiritual benefits and in fact, being based on self-hatred, that they were counterproductive. After renouncing the principles of asceticism and concentrating instead upon meditaion and Anapanasati as well Gautama is believed to have discovered what Buddhists call the Middle Way which is path of moderation that lies in between the extremes of self-indulgence and self-mortification. It lead s to the Four Noble Truths and eventually to the Eight Fold Path which will constitute the attainment of Nirvana. Discuss the Buddist teachings on the nature of the Middle Way as a strictly moral doctrine. What constitutes the path of virtue. What are the Four Noble Truths and how does one obtain Nirvana through the cessation of desire? The main principle of Buddhist doctrine is the called the Middle Way which was discovered by the Buddha prior to his bodhi or enlightenment. The Middle Way or Middle Path has a handful of definitions. Usually it is charaterized by the practice of non-extremism and a path of moderation away from the extremes of self-indulgence and opposing self-mortification. It is considered in taking a middle ground between specific metaphysical perspectives as well. Which things ultimately either exist or do not exist. An explanation of the state of Nirvana and ultimate enlightenment where all dualities amalgamate and cease to exist as separate entities. The essence of the Middle way as a strictly moral doctrine is bounded by the path of virtue which is called as the Eight Fold Path as well. Buddhist doctrine, stated by the Buddha in his first sermon near Benares, India. The path is regarded as the way for individuals to deal with the problems named in the Four Noble Truths The path consists of right understanding (faith in the Buddhist view of existence), right thought (the resolve to practice the faith), right speech (avoidance of falsehoods, slander, and abuse), right action (abstention from taking life, stealing, and improper sexual behavior), right livelihood (rejection of occupations not in keeping with Buddhist principles), right effort (development of good mental states), right mindfulness (awareness of body, feelings, and thought), and right concentration (meditation). It is also called the Middle Path, because it steers a course between sensuality and asceticism. Following the Path leads to escape from suffering and attainment of Nirvana (Britannica. com). The Path of Virtue if imminet will lead to the emergence of the Eight Fold Path after the cessation of the Four Noble Truths, which after it culminates will eventually lead to the attainment of Nirvana The Buddhist doctrine of the Middle way guides this conviction and belief by an apt understanding of The Eight Fold Path as a means of attaining the state of Nirvana. Furthermore, The doctrines are essential and crucial in order for a being to not only understand the very essence of Nirvana but what culminates after the attainment of such state as well. The Buddhist Doctrine implored by the Buddha in his initial teachings are significant towards the road to Nirvana. The four noble truths constitute a means of attaining nirvana which is not plausible for some. Dukkha or the nature of suffering is actually the noble truth of suffering that implies that birth is suffering per se and other physiological notions are suffering as well. An amalgamation from what is displeasing is suffering, thus separation from what it pleasing is suffering and not to achieve what one desires is suffering. A sufferings origin or Samudaya is the noble realization of the origin of suffering. This yearning leads to a renewed existence that will be accompanied by delight and lust which leads to the craving of sensual pleasure then craving for existence and eventually, the craving for destruction. Cessation of suffering or Nirodha is the noble truth for the abrupt cessation of suffering. It is regardless of the cessation of the similar crasving, te giving up, and finally the relinquishing of it, the freedom and not the non-reliance from it. The fourth noble truth is The Way or Magga which leads to the cessation of suffering. It is the noble truth of the way which leads to he cessation of suffering. The Eightfold Path namely: that is, right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration as well. These are the four great truths of Buddhinsm. Dukkha implies that all existence is afflicted with suffering. Second, Samudaya identifies desire, thirst, or craving as the source of suffering, which intangibly binds beings to samsara or the cycle of existence. Nirodha asserts that cessation of craving will bring suffering to a halt. Finally, The Eightfold Path which culminates the four noble truths implies he omission of suffering and the escape from samsara. These Four Noble Truths are bounded to the idea of Nirvana in which one can attain a state of â€Å"finitude that will lead to absolute reality of positive and negative efforts that may lead to the attainment of Nirvana. Discuss the Buddist doctrine of non-atman (non-substantiality). How does it comprise the three Marks of Existence and what does it mean to say that all form is emptiness. Hint:`There is Nirvana but no-one attains it. In order to achieve Nirvana, one must endure the three marks of existence namely: Dukkha, Anicca, and Anatta. These three are bounded by the Buddhist notion that after meditation they will conclude all the physical and mundane matters. Dukkha, for its part, is striving for what a person desires while enduring suffering and torment yet after an ordeal you might find happiness in achieving what one desires. Eventually, boredom which is a form of suffering will divert a person from such boredom by indulging in a pursuit of new forms of pleasure. Boredom is a result of a ramification of our interest in a matter which a person desires which captivated us at first. Anicca is the inconstant and impermanent per se. Each person can undergo by the use of our senses which is dependent on the right conditions for its existence. Everything is constantly changing and is always in sporadic influx. Matters are constantly coming into being as well as ceasing to be. The crucial point is that a phenomena may arise and cease due to complex states and conditions that do not occur within our whims. Though we have a finite ability to generate a change to our possessions, previous experience tells us that our feeble attempts have no guarantees that the outcome of the efforts will also be according to our â€Å"liking†. Lastly, Annata is the unceasing change of permanent essence which is conceived through the virtue of existence. A human beings personality is an orthodox appelation applied to the consortium of physical and mental components which each is mandated to a constant influx yet there is not central essence or core which is similar to a â€Å"bundle theory† of mind and soul. Nirvana is the finite state of the Mahayana ideology. It the state in which the attempt to grasp reality is halted in a holistic way, by means of the realization of its impossibility. Evidently, it is and preposterous and absurd to presume that nirvana per se as a state to be achieved. Nirvana is not the state of coming to terms with reality due to the fact that such state cannot generate either a positive or negative aura. In its negative nature, Nirvana is said to be as â€Å"no waves† and â€Å"blowing out†, implying that achieving such state would mean tranquility of ones existence. Yet these statements offer minimal attributes of nirvana. Nirvana as â€Å"finite† is an anti-thesis to positive attributes and words such as eternal and omnipresent though its positive comprehension is bound by intellect. Buddha, for his part, will never answer question in a postive manner regarding the notions of nirvana. Considering it is not out of sheer prudence but practicality as well. Coming into terms with â€Å"finitude† eventually concludes nirvana that is an absolute reality. By directing awareness away from finitude and towards the intuitive core of the brain, an individual consciously grips reality. The negative part of the effort are not sufficient enough to realize Nirvana. Nirvana is not present and will not be realized by grasping finitude yet the Buddha suggested that it is possible and effortless to achieve Nirvana by the means of directing awareness and channeling its energy internally through positive efforts. There is a deliberate mistake in which the belief of the right motivation culminates the achievement of nirvana, in which samsara or finitude is part of nirvana which s infinitude and coming into terms with samsara will embody achieving nirvana in an apt manner. The notion of renouncing Nirvana is a deliberate and evident contradiction because it obviously contradicts it very purpose. Such misguided attribute is a sheer reflection of the Buddhist meditation practice of sitting without being occupied by preconceived notions. Renouncing nirvana with the apparent purpose of eventually realizing nirvana is a deliberate contradiction.

Health Care Reform Essay -- essays research papers

From FDR’s New Deal to Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society, the United States government has attempted to centralize extensive social policies. In the early eighties, when recession and inflation were at a high, Ronald Reagan took office and pronounced that the federal government needed to take a lesser role in the lives of the American people. As Theda Skocpol comments in her book Boomerang: Clinton’s Health Security Effort and the Turn Against Government in U.S. Politics, the Reagan administration instilled a dislike of centralized government in the American people. This was a major reason, according to Skocpol, why the Clinton Administration failed to nationalize â€Å"Health Security†. It was this fear of centralized government and Clinton’s failure to reform Health Care that makes a more centralized social policy unlikely in the near future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There has been a necessity in the twentieth century (due in part to the Great Depression and World War II) for big government. The legislation behind Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal called for the involvement of the federal government to create a highly bureaucratic social policy. The combination of Roosevelt’s political assertiveness and society’s willingness to allow such centralization that made big government possible. The laissez-faire mentality of the twenties was seen as the cause of the depression. The federal government and the ensuing reforms were seen as a way of insuring economic security. In the sixti...

Child Language Acquisition Essay

Linguistically, both of these infants are at different stages of their language development. The lexical choices made by each child can show what stage they are at in developing their language and applying it to situations and conversations. Sophie’s use of the word ‘Bissie’, meaning biscuit shows that she hasn’t quite been able to pronounce the sound therefore makes an alternative word up that sounds similar, that is understandable by the child’s carer/parent, but is easier to say than ‘biscuit’. Other lexical choices Sophie uses, tend to be commanding words, such as ‘me want’ ‘No’. As the child is young, she realises to get what she wants; she has to ask for it and by using the commanding words, she is airing the fact that she wants something to her parent/carer. According to Halliday’s functions, this language is regulatory, as well as being instrumental. She is controlling the behaviour of others (telling Fran that she doesn’t want to tidy the dolls house) and she is obtaining material needs (wanting a biscuit). Katharine has grasped the concept of pronouns. She uses the personal pronoun ‘I’ to refer to herself ‘Now I’ll do Jason’, and she can even use ‘we’ as the collective term for her and her mum together ‘We do Jason again shall we? ‘ Sophie’s sentences have basic structure to them, as she voices what she needs to say, in the simplest way to say it. They are quite short, and to the point. Her language acquisition is at the stage where she knows how to communicate, speak and use words in a simple sentence to voice what she wants. ‘Mary come me’, meaning ‘Can Mary come and play with me’, is a very simple form of the sentence, but still communicates to her mum what she wants to do. She uses ‘me’ instead of ‘I’ to refer to herself. This confusion of pronoun usage is common among young children. Some of the words she uses, she omits the prefixes of the sounds, such as ‘nother’ instead of ‘another’. This makes it easier to say, and shortens what she says. Katharine on the other hand, who is involved in an activity, is communicating with her mum using more structured sentences. Her mum is constantly questioning what she is doing (Skinners theory of reinforcement and imitation (response)) ‘Where’s his body? ‘ then Katharine replies; ‘Dere’s his legs, touching his mouf’. The pronunciation of the words isn’t as important as the fact that she is constructing sentences and answering questions herself. A word such as ‘there’ has a consonant cluster at the beginning which is hard to say for young children, therefore they change the pronunciation, so it still sounds like ‘there’ but is easier to pronounce. She understood the question her mum was asking, and actually understood it was a question, maybe because of the intonation her mum would’ve had in her voice. This shows that she is capable enough with language to turn take, in a small conversation with her mum, talking about a subject/activity. This shows that her language acquisition is slightly more advanced than Sophie’s, as Sophie doesn’t turn take, she doesn’t answer questions either, she asks them and is at the stage of using ‘why’ as a questioning word. Sophie’s conversation with her mum doesn’t flow like Katharine’s, it is full of statements and commands rather than a question – answer structure. Turn taking is apparent in both these conversations as the parents are initiating the conversation and getting the children to talk, causing no interruptions. Sophie’s utterance lengths are longer than Katharine’s on average, but the fact that Katharine is involved in an activity has an affect on her utterances, due to concentration. Comparing the utterance lengths, Katharine’s are more advanced with the syntax structure, as her sentences make more grammatical sense than Sophie’s. This doesn’t make Sophie incorrect in her structure, she is just at a different stage of language acquisition than Katharine, and she is in the middle of developing her sentences. Age isn’t a factor in language development, as every child is different. Katharine’s mother uses tag questions, such as; ‘isn’t it? ‘ This encourages Katharine to answer her mum. Katharine does also use tag questions herself, to get a response from her mum, ‘shall we’. She has probably learnt how to use tag questions from listening to the way her mum speaks. This is quite advanced for a child as it shows they use a different way of getting a response, rather than just saying ‘why’ or using commands. She also uses encouraging sounds, which is back channel behaviour; ‘uhuh’ and ‘mmhu’, to show she is listening and taking in what Katharine is saying. Sophie’s carer/parent however doesn’t use tag questions and neither does Sophie. The conversation between the child and parent/carer is very simple and uses statements rather than questions, encouraging Sophie to talk. It is just a short conversation, with Sophie controlling it, rather then the parent/carer trying to encourage her to talk and say things. Of course, the pragmatics behind the conversations are for the parents/carers to get the children to speak and further their knowledge and understanding of the language. It is merely to get them to practice speaking, so they acquire language. There is a large difference between the two conversations, as they are in different environments (the contexts are different), with the children taking part in different situations. This is a factor which affects their language use and the way they use it in the context. After considering all of the factors to do with both conversations, I have come to the conclusion that Katharine is more linguistically developed and seems to be at a more advanced stage of language acquisition than Sophie. Katharine has a wider knowledge of the language and applies it to a conversation better than Sophie, as her sentences are constructed better and flow well.

How Does Military Bearing Affects the Work Center and the People Around You

Military bearing affects the work center and the people around you in different ways. Having good and bad military bearing will always have different results. With a mess up no would not want to work with you at all. Good military bearing affects everyone in a positive way. You will have a positive attitude about everything you do and more. Everything wills eventually workout the way you want and need it to be. With good military bearing show that you know what you are doing.Someone will task you with something and know for a fact you will get the job done with no supervision. Bad military bearing will definitely affect and everyone else. Your bad military bearing will have a negative affect on yourself and will start to rub off on everyone else. Bad military bearing someone will never go to you with a task, if they have to someone will go with you to make sure that job get finished. Having a mess up attitude about everything you do. No one will never want too work with or for you at all.With a great attitude will always want to work with and for all the time. With military bearing it will always affect what you do and how you do it. Always think about it and realize is it the right thing or the wrong thing to. Always keep proper military bearing because you will never know what might happen when you don’t. No matter what military bearing will always be there even when you’re out on liberty. Your direct representative of the armed forces, so always remember that.

The selected readings are both from the era of the colonization of australia The WritePass Journal

The selected readings are both from the era of the colonization of australia Introduction The selected readings are both from the era of the colonization of australia IntroductionREFERENCES:Related Introduction The selected readings are both from the era of the colonization of Australia, from the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788 through the early settlement at the beginning of the 1800s. The two pieces of literature involve the interactions between the British colonists with the Indigenous communities of New South Wales Australia. Unfortunately, this is where the similarity ends between the two works, for while Bradley’s account addresses the earlier interactions when the colonists needed to ingratiate themselves with the natives, in Elder’s work the interaction turned deadly. Elder’s work â€Å"Blood on the Wattle† refers to the bloody Massacre at Myall Creek, near Inverell, in 1838.   This was a pivotal point in Australian history, as the unprovoked massacre of 28 Aboriginal women and children ultimately led to the first white criminal conviction for murdering an Aboriginal. Although Charlie Kilmeister along with ten other men was initially exonerated of any wrongdoing by the white jury, the retrial of seven of the settlers resulted in them being convicted and hanged. Unfortunately this epiphany in Australia history saw â€Å"thou shall not kill an Aboriginal† interpreted as â€Å"getting rid of the black menace or by death by stealth† (Elder, p. 94). Bradley presents a firsthand account of the arrival in Botany Bay of the First Fleet’s Flagship â€Å"Sirius† and its later docking a little further north at Farm Cove.   Bradley (p. 58) describes how they â€Å"without much difficulty met some of the natives on the Northern Side of the Bay† and the encounter appeared positive: â€Å"by Noon we saw that our people and the indigenous community mixed together† (Bradley, p. 58). Writing 160 years after the events described in â€Å"Blood on the Wattle,† Elder takes an empathetic view of the Aboriginal people.   He expresses an understanding of the suffering involved, as he addresses the intricate and macabre details of how the Aboriginals of Myall Creek were bludgeoned.   Elder writes as if he was an eyewitness when the Myall massacre occurred: â€Å"Yintayintin followed and was confronted with a gruesome sight of 28 bodies lying in a lake of blood,† and as if he was within earshot to hear Kilmeister boast that he had â€Å"settled the blacks† (Elder, pp. 87-89). Thus in effect Elder presents himself as a historian who is sympathetic towards the plight of the Aboriginals, and as a modern author realizes the gross injustices of the past done to them at the hands of the white settlers. Bradley’s account of the First Fleet’s encounter with the Aboriginals was positive, recording that â€Å"men, women and children were very friendly,† â€Å"quite sociable,† and even that they enjoyed one of the newcomers combing their hair for them (Bradley pp. 61-67).   Bradley describes in first-person narrative the expedition he made with Hunter, focusing on the many details he observed, such as the Aboriginals having â€Å"paddles about two feet long and shaped like a pudding stirrer† and some of the men having â€Å"the teeth of some Animal and pieces of bone stuck in their hair with gum† (Bradley pp. 67-72). Bradley reports many such details of the people he encountered, and refers to the native flora and fauna in a matter-of-fact fashion. This reporting style is probably due to his being a legal representative in the initial approaches to the Aboriginals.   The hostilities were to occur at a later date, when the settlers moved inla nd and lay claim to Aboriginal lands, as described by Elder. Bradley approaches historiography from an objective point of view. He reports what he sees and does not elaborate or embellish upon facts. Physical appearances and gestures of the natives are presented without any auxiliary interpretations: â€Å"The men we met here were in general stout and well limbed the women excepting the very old woman, were young and in general shorter than the Men, very straight limbed and well featured†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bradley, p. 72) and â€Å"They received some trifling presents from [the Governor] which they handed to each other without much concern† (Bradley, p. 58). Elder, perhaps because of his subject, allows emotion and personal views to enter his writing at times. When the murderers of the Aboriginal people are brought to Sydney, Elder reports: â€Å"It immediately exposed the hypocrisy which underpinned the fragile assumptions of the system. The theorists could protest that under British law both blacks and whites were equal. The reality was that, with a disturbing unanimity, the citizens of New South Wales agreed that no white man, not even an assigned convict, should be tried for the murder of a black† (Elder, p. 92). Thus, the points of view of the authors and their historiography differ because of the vastly different eras in which they wrote their accounts. REFERENCES: Elder, B 1998, Blood on the wattle: massacres and maltreatment of Australian Aborigines since 1788, New Holland, Frenchs Forest, NSW. Bradley, W ed., Voyage to New South Wales, Trustees of the Public Library of New South Wales, NSW.

Indiana University of Pennsylvania Admissions

Indiana University of Pennsylvania Admissions Admissions at Indiana University of Pennsylvania are generally openaround nine out of every ten  applicants are accepted each year. Students can apply online or on paper, and will also need to submit scores from the SAT or ACT and high school transcripts. Be sure to check out the schools website for more information, including important deadlines. Will You Get In? Calculate Your Chances of Getting In  with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) Indiana University of Pennsylvania Acceptance Rate: 92%Test Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 420 / 530SAT Math: 420 / 520SAT Writing: - / -(what these SAT numbers mean)ACT Composite: 17  / 23ACT English: 15 / 23ACT Math: 17  / 23(what these ACT numbers mean) Indiana University of Pennsylvania Description Founded in 1875 as Indiana Normal School, Indiana University of Pennsylvania is now a large public university that offers 145 undergraduate degree programs and 71 graduate programs. The University frequently receives national recognition for its educational value. IUP is made up of numerous colleges and schools with the College of Health and Human Services having the highest undergraduate enrollment. Student life is active with over 220 student organizations including 18 fraternities and 14 sororities. In athletics, IUP competes in the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference at the NCAA Division II level. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 12,971  (10,743 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 44% Male / 56% Female93% Full-time Costs (2016  - 17) Tuition and Fees: $11,368  (in-state); $22,377 (out-of-state)Books: $1,100 (why so much?)Room and Board: $12,246Other Expenses: $2,288Total Cost: $27,002  (in-state); $38,011 (out-of-state) Indiana University of Pennsylvania Financial Aid (2015 - 16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 91%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 65%Loans: 80%Average Amount of AidGrants: $6,753Loans: $8,367 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Business Administration, Communication Studies, Criminology, Elementary Education, Health and Physical Education, Marketing, NursingWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First-Year Student Retention (full-time students): 75%Transfer-out Rate: 30%4-Year Graduation Rate: 37%6-Year Graduation Rate: 54% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Track and Field, Swimming, Baseball, Football, Golf, Cross Country, BasketballWomens Sports:  Basketball, Swimming, Field Hockey, Volleyball, Track and Field, Soccer, Lacrosse, Cross Country Data Source National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like Indiana University of Pennsylvania, You May Also Like These Schools Clarion University: Profile  Duquesne University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Pittsburgh: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDrexel University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDelaware State University: Profile  Lock Haven University: Profile  Seton Hill University: Profile  Temple University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWest Virginia University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphRobert Morris University: Profile  Edinboro University of Pennsylvania: Profile  Slippery Rock University: Profile  Pennsylvania State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Indiana University of Pennsylvania Mission Statement read the complete mission statement at  iup.edu/upper.aspx?id2065 Indiana University of Pennsylvania is a leading public, doctoral/research university, strongly committed to undergraduate and graduate instruction, scholarship, and public service. Indiana University of Pennsylvania engages students as learners and leaders in an intellectually challenging, culturally enriched, and contemporarily diverse environment...

Best Companies to work for Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Best Companies to work for - Essay Example uch as ‘Shrek,’ ‘Madagascar’ and ‘Kung Fu Panda,’ including other popular animated films like ‘Shark Tale’ and ‘Chicken Run’ to name a few. DreamWorks Animation SKG did a great job of communicating the work philosophy of the company. They in fact included a comprehensive statement on the website where a link was provided titled careers on the bottom part of the main page. â€Å"We are committed to fostering a culture that embraces innovation, creativity, collaboration, and a solid dose of fun† (DreamWorks Animation SKG, par.1). The company provides a very flamboyant take on attracting potential employees. The website also has a link to a picture gallery of the office grounds which has landscaped gardens, a basketball court, lobby with a huge replica of Po from ‘Kung Fu Panda,’ snapshots of employees happily at work, a lounge equipped with a pool table and outdoor eating area, its total area amounting to six acres. There were also testimonies from employees on what their job entails and how it affects the films the company makes. The company does follow through with a number of perks they offer to employees including free breakfast and lunch, exclusive movie screenings and other complimentary facilities like yoga classes, company parties and art classes to nurture creativity where everyone is encouraged to join, at times even personally by the company’s CEO Jefferey Katzenberg (Fortune, pars.1-2). The company puts emphasis on the diversity of their employees where there is a multitude of nationalities from all over the globe. DreamWorks maintains that they â€Å"are constantly searching for experienced leaders and enthusiastic emerging talent who share a passion for telling stories and making movies to join our ever growing DreamWorks family† (par.3). The company is the kind of employer that allows its employees to explore their creativity and would be an ideal place to work in and a company to work for. I would definitely consider working

Laws, tactics and imprisonment surrending cyber crimes in the UK Literature review

Laws, tactics and imprisonment surrending cyber crimes in the UK - Literature review Example Initially, the Act contained the three criminal offences of unauthorised access to computer and computer material, illegal; access with intent to commit and/or facilitate the commission of further offences and unauthorised modification of computer material. Later, in 2006, the Police and Criminal Justice Act amended the Computer Misuse Act. This amendment added a new section dealing with the offences of making, supplying and obtaining articles for use in computer misuse. To make the Act more effective, there is a proposal for the Act to be amended to target hackers that instigate serious attacks on computers on critical infrastructure with life imprisonment. This Act details all the offences associated with hacking and all the malware used in breaching computer systems. Regrettably, the Act is not encompassing enough to deal with cyber attacks that threaten national security. Currently, it addresses issues of unauthorised access to computer material or another persons user ID and password and further crimes upon gaining unauthorised entry into another person’s computer (www.gov.uk, 2014b). In this context, the Act addresses crimes such as stealing money or data and information from another’s computer system, spreading viruses and deleting files (Brenner, 2007). The maximum sentence for these offences is ten years. Fortunately, the Queen proposed the Serious Crime Bill, which will add a new offence of unauthorised acts causing serious damage in the Computer Misuse Act. The new offence encompasses more heinous cyber attacks on sensitive and essential systems of power supply, communications, and food or fuel distribution. Also addressed in the proposed Act are cyber crimes that would result in loss of life, social disruption or damage to the economy, environment or national security and serious injury (Brenner, 2007). The proposed Act’s

Intercultural Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Intercultural Paper - Essay Example This culture simply identifies itself with codes of conduct that promote love and respect with the main aim of maintaining modesty and purity. Institutions lead to the establishment of norms that support individual survival in a social setting. Stability and functionality of society depend upon roles and responsibilities that are created and defined by different institutions. However many societies may differ, they all have institutions that influence the culture or rather the way of life of individuals. Religious institutions for instance control behaviour and determine the actions of individuals. The religious institution that defines the Hindu culture comprises of various religious practices of which people are expected to abide by. Being the most dominant religion in India, the religion emphasizes with humility, respect, purity and modesty. There are various religious practices that promote these four doctrines. For instance, touching people’s feet is considered a sign of respect. Touch the feet of individuals who are considered to be holy is considered a sign of humility (WordPress, n.d). Hindus also consider i t a tradition to offer gifts to priests and gurus as a sign of appreciating the spiritual blessings they receive. Religious institutions in the Hindu Culture consider purity to be of great essence. Purity takes three forms: purity of body, purity of thoughts and purity of deeds. In their daily activities, Hindus protect this purity through following their religious codes of ethics and living wisely (Sharma, 2002). Religious offerings are usually given to deities from time to time. These offerings are usually in the form of food or flowers. Sniffing of offerings is not allowed based on the belief that sniffing is meant for the gods. All items that are intended to be offered for offerings are cleaned and covered as a sign of purity. Their temples and shrines are

Definitions and Causes of Intellectual Disabilities

Definitions and Causes of Intellectual Disabilities Task 1 1.1 Give 2 definitions of intellectual disability in accordance with a recognized source. Definition 1: â€Å"Intellectual disability means a significantly reduced ability to understand new or complex information and to learn and apply new skills (impaired intelligence). This results in a reduced ability to cope independently (impaired social functioning), and begins before adulthood, with a lasting effect on development.† (World Health Organization, 2014) Definition 2: â€Å"Intellectual disability is a disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behaviour as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills. This disability originates before the age of 18.† (American Association on Intellectual and Development Disabilities, 2008) 1.2 Using a definition of intellectual disability give 2 examples of how this impacts on the person’s adaptive skills: Conceptual skills such as reading time, counting money, reading and writing, expressing something are affected. Practical skills such as mobility, meal preparation, using telephone or mobile and daily living skills such as eating and dressing up are also impaired. Using a definition of intellectual disability give 2 explanations of how this impacts on the person’s cognitive ability: An intellectually disabled person has problems in thinking and reasoning things to make sense of them and utilize that information or advise in the daily living. Such as person also has problems in interpreting the tone in the voices speaking to them and communicating properly with other people. Task 2 2.1 Give 2 examples of causes of intellectual disability that occur before birth and describe two (2) main characteristics of the effects. E.g.1 Genetic Disorder Chromosome abnormality or disorder in the genes can lead to intellectual disability before birth. (American Association on Intellectual and Development Disabilities, 2008) Main Characteristics: One of the examples of Intellectual Disabilities due to genetic disorder is Downs Syndrome. Downs Syndrome occurs due to abnormality in chromosome 21 whereby there is an additional Chromosome 21. It can occur in any family of any race, religion or culture. Babies or children with Downs Syndrome depict small chin, almond shaped eyes and a around face as physical characteristics. Such children will also have a oversized tongue and much shorter limbs. Another type of disability caused by genetic disorder is Prada Willi Syndrome. With Prada Willi Syndrome, there is abnormality in chromosome 15. There is a minute gene deletion in the chromosome 15. The reason for this deletion is remains unknown. People with such disability tend to suffer from food craving and weight gain mainly. E.g. 2 Brain development Caused by environmental factors such as consumption of alcohol by the mother during pregnancy, drugs, infection, other environmental toxins and unknown factors. Brain or portion of it is damaged due to exposure to such elements. (American Association on Intellectual and Development Disabilities, 2008) Main Characteristics: An example of such is Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, caused by exposure to alcohol intake during pregnancy by the mothers. There is interference by alcohol in the delivery of food (nutrition) and oxygen to the brain, which affects the brain development and the connection of brain to the other organs of the body. These children have shorter than average height, have small head and small eyes with low birth weight and have flat face too. Exposure to environmental toxins such as methyl in the air (whereby methyl molecules replace hydrogen in the air) leads to Fragile X Syndrome. Children with Fragile X-Syndrome would have been affected by DNA rearrangements and this is more common in males. These children or males generally tend to have large testicles. 2.2 Give 2 examples of causes of intellectual disability that occur during or immediately following birth and describe 2 main characteristics f the effects. E.g. 1 Low Birth Weight Children with low birth weight can also be impaired and classed under intellectual disability. Source: (Centre for Disease Control, 2013) Main Characteristics: The child with low birth weight of basically below 2.5kg but especially below 1.5kg have great risks and chances of having cerebral palsy. It is not really a c cause rather a risk factor. Such a child has problems in balancing her/himself due to cognitive impairment. Children with low birth weight can also develop or be affected by epilepsy (World Health Organization, 2012). Perinatal injury factors such as low birth weight leads to brain damage. These people tend to have involuntary episodes of seizure, which can be several at times. E.g. 2 Trauma Brain injuries or trauma can also lead to many intellectual disabilities. This can vary in degree yet leave a huge impact. Traumas at times can be prevented but there are certain times it can not be. Source: Auckland Goldstar Institute (2014), Powerpoint slides 23-27) Main Characteristics: One of it is epilepsy. The brain damage due trauma can lead to epilepsy. People with epilepsy have involuntary movements of the body. This could be referred to as episodes of seizures. Such children/clients may be devoid of awareness of their environment and can also be unconscious for sometime. Another of the intellectual disabilities caused by trauma is cerebral palsy. The brain injury during birth affects a persons’ ability to move and coordinate. Such clients have problems with bladder or bowel movements. It is difficult to control these. 2.3 Give 2 examples of causes of intellectual disability that occur during childhood years and describe the impact of the day-to-day support needs of the person. E.g. 1 Infections Infections such as Meningitis can lead to epilepsy. Meningitis affects the brain directly and can be taken as a cause of epilepsy. (Source: Auckland Goldstar Institute (2014), Powerpoint slide 23) Impact: The client will have convulsions now and again. This is due to the brain damage from meningitis infection. There could be partial seizures, which would be eventuating from a small part of the brain being affected. E.g. 2 Exposure to Environmental Factors We are exposed to many factors or toxins in the environment on daily basis. Some of these factors can lead to Autism. (Source: Auckland Goldstar Institute(2014), Powerpoint slide 33) Impact: Have difficulty in speaking, can be repetitive with words or have flat tone of voice. Hence, they experience hardships in communicating with many people. They find it hard to socialize with large groups of people. This can lead to these clients feelings isolated and as they are unable to develop or make friends. Task 3 Describe conditions frequently associated with intellectual disability. Condition 1: Epilepsy Cause: Epilepsy, another of those common intellectual disabilities has been related to many causes. While some times it is unknown, the known factors are: genetics serious head injuries or severe head trauma hypoxia or lack of oxygen during birth infections such as encephalitis and meningitis Main Characteristic 1: Such clients can experience convulsions or seizures. Seizures may be partial. This happens due to injuries to the brain whereby the part of the brain controlling body movements is affected. Main Characteristic 2: The person/client may also lose awareness of presence in a place and happenings around it. This also happens due to brain effects resulting from any of the causes. Physical Support: Need help in ensuring correct administration of medications, monitoring of that these medications are taken, tending to any effects or side effects. Safety of such clients is paramount as these clients have seizures and involuntary body movements. Thus, these clients as well as the family (or whanau) need to be educated on what it is and the management (this includes ensuring safety, taking care of other needs, medication intake, taking appropriate steps when a person has seizures) a of epilepsy. A safe environment that is free of and hazards is also needed. The airways of any person having seizures should always be kept open. Social support: Clients need encouragement and positive response to help them maintain their dignity during and after seizures. These clients also need motivation and support to help them get into studies and be educated. Since epileptic clients can get socially shy and may not mix around with others, they need constant support and encouragement to help them be in contact and maintain communication with her/his friends and co-workers. Cognitive support: Epileptic clients can end up losing a lot of learning hours and opportunities due to seizures. They thus experience difficulties in learning. This can and often leads to needing additional teaching support in terms of using devices such as visual aids, diary for appointments, calendars, memory aids and even a 1 to 1 teacher support. These support modes will be really helpful to them. Condition 2: Spinal bifida Cause(s): Spinal bifida, which is a before birth is a condition whereby a person has incomplete brain, spinal cord and/or meninges development. The type and location of the malformation denotes the severity of the condition as to where it is mild or severe. While the cause is generally unknown, it can be possibly related to genetics, folic acid deficiency in diet and also environmental factors. Main Characteristic 1: People with spinal bifida can experience bladder or bowel control loss. They have lack of control on them urinating or defecating, on the amount and when they do it. Main Characteristic 2: Feeling of muscle weakness or paralysis below the region where the incomplete closure (cleft) or malformation has occurred. Thus, as a result they can also feel loss of sensation in the region below the affected area. Physical support: A person with spinal bifida needs assistance with mobility. Walkers or wheelchairs will be required for such people as they have affected lower limbs or are paralytic. Additional support from occupational therapists or physiotherapists may be required together with additional environmental adaptation. Medical or surgical interventions can be required for such clients. Social support: Accessibility to community based activities and appropriate transportation support is required for such people. Education and work opportunities support also need so that they receive similar treatment as other people and so that these people can also advance in life. As they may feel shy because of their condition, they will need activities of sports or recreation so that it can espouse them to make friends and socialize with other people. Cognitive support: Hydrocephalous (build up of fluid in the brain) can interfere in learning process. Even surgical interventions can lead to missing school whereby learning is disrupted. Hence, additional support in the forms of having home based learning with tutors and supplementary efforts from teachers in school become mandatory. Condition 3: Foetal Alcohol Syndrome Cause: the prime cause of this condition is alcohol exposure to the foetus while in the utero. The leads to brain damage and problems with growth. The delivery of oxygen and necessary nutrition is disrupted by alcohol and this affects tissue and organ development including the brain. Main characteristic 1: Some of the physical characteristics of the such people are low birth weight, small head and small eyes. This can be basically happening due to lack of nutrition to the foetus. Main characteristic 2: Language and speech delays are also experienced by these people as brain functions and development had been affected by lack of oxygen. Physical Support: Health care staff support in forms of physiotherapists and speech therapists will be required to assist such people. These staff will help to overcome the difficulties of language, pronunciation and speech. Social support: As these people have problems with their speech and language they could hesitate in interacting and socializing with other people. Trainings for social skills, interaction and communication with family, friends and others could be very helpful. The clients could improve in confidence and interact with them more. Boosting of confidence and encouraging independency related activities could also provide the necessary support. Cognitive support: Supportive educational activities could be organized with these clients to enable them overcome their speech problems and learning. Language problems can also be addressed through this support. Special education teachers and speech therapists could play vital roles in addressing the needs of such clients. References: American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (2008), Frequently Asked Questions on Intellectual Disability and the AAIDD Definition, AAIDD Information, American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, pg. 1 Auckland Goldstar Institute (2014), Intellectual Disability, Powerpoint Slides4-36 Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (2013), Celebral Palsy, Division of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, National Centre on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities. Retrieved from www.cdc.gov CCS Disability Action (2013), Spinal Bifida, Types of Disabilities. Retrieved from http://www.ccsdisabilityaction.org.nz Prader Willi Association of New Zealand (2014), What is Prader Willi Syndrom? Retrieved from www.everybody.co.nz World Health Organization (2012), Epilepsy, Fact Sheet No999, Geneva. Retrieved from www.who.int World Helath Organisation (2014), Mental Health, World Health Organization, Geneva. Retrieved from www.euro.who.int